Most decarbonization outlooks foresee a significant increase in the role for nuclear, as significant volumes of low-carbon electricity will be necessary to replace fossil fuels. As a matter of fact, all low-carbon scenarios foresee that nuclear generation will need to double or triple by 2050. However, nuclear generation has been stagnating for the past 15 years. What is needed to put nuclear generation on a growth track? What is the potential of new innovative technologies, and in particular of Generation IV reactors? How will nuclear fuel supplies evolve? When and under what conditions could new technologies emerge?