Decarbonizing the global economy will require the transformation of existing energy systems and a large-scale development and deployment of low-carbon technologies. The path to a low-carbon economy is still to be determined and the energy mix of the future is being influenced by government and corporate decisions today. Renewable power, carbon removal, hydrogen and other technologies are competing for market share and different industries are looking to different solutions. Can everything be electrified with cheap renewable power? How can technologies like carbon capture and hydrogen become more competitive? What role will governments play in shaping decarbonization pathways?