Meeting the world’s ambitious net-zero goals will require establishing new and robust supply lines for the minerals, materials and fuels needed for the energy transition. These supply chains will be built in a new era of economic competition between major powers that see securing the clean energy industries of the future as a national priority. Are these supply chains being built and expanded fast enough to meet the needs of the energy transition? How are companies responding to government efforts to bring their supply chains closer to home? Where is more investment and effort needed most?