Photovoltaics costs have decreased dramatically over the past decade, mostly driven by a sustained decline in module costs, which have fallen nearly 90% on average between 2010 and 2020. Going forward, further decreases are expected but the sources of improvements could be more diverse. Further gains could come from a combination of incremental cost reduction to existing technological platforms, but also through the emergence of new technologies. At the same time, the focus is shifting from reducing capex to increasing the value over the lifetime of a project. How well positioned is the supply chain to deliver on future cost reductions? How can past cost reductions be sustained in the future? What new technologies are on the horizon? How likely their success? What potential for cost reduction is there beyond the module?