Sub-Saharan Africa faces challenges of electricity supply access, availability, and affordability. The solutions rely on earning a return on investment for private investors or government institutions. Problems with subsidy constraints, payment defaults or proposed renegotiations of contracts, and financing have raised barriers to investment in traditional power infrastructure in some parts of Africa, and innovative, new off-grid or captive schemes often face regulatory uncertainty. What models can fast-track needed investment and deliver power at the prices and levels of reliability that African economies need for growth? What changes will stakeholders need to make to established business models? Will the prize be worthwhile?