Much attention on China’s decarbonization efforts has been on the rapidly expanding renewable power fleet as well as the role of coal-fired power, yet half China’s coal consumption is not in the power sector. Industrial and commercial sectors continue to consume large volumes of coal, oil products, and natural gas. What technology and policies options are available to address emissions from non-power sources in China? What’s unique in the Chinese contexts with regard to technology development and adoption? In what ways can international collaboration in technologies such as carbon capture and hydrogen help reduce emissions in China and beyond?